OECD Archives - Academy of Tax Law

France vs SAS Roger Vivier: TRANSFER PRICING CASE

Case Summaries, EU, FP News, France, International, International Tax, OECD, Postgraduate Programmes in International Tax, Postgraduate Programmes in Transfer Pricing, Tax Dispute Resolution, TP Case Summaries, Transfer Pricing / ATL-Editor

The judgment revolves around a tax disputeTax Disputes arise when there is a disagreement between taxpayers and tax authorities regarding the interpretation or application of tax laws. These disputes may concern various issues such as the accuracy of a tax return, the eligibility for tax deductions or credits, the correct amount of tax liability, or transfer pricing adjustments. Tax disputes can lead to lengthy legal proceedings... More between SAS Roger Vivier Paris, a distributor of luxury goods, and the French tax authorities. The core issue concerns transfer pricing adjustmentsTransfer Pricing Adjustments are modifications made to the pricing of transactions between related entities within a multinational enterprise (MNE) by tax authorities or the MNE itself. These adjustments are carried out to ensure compliance with the arm’s length principle, which stipulates that prices for intercompany transactions should reflect what independent parties would have agreed upon under similar circumstances. The arm’s... More made for the financial years 2012–2014, with the tax authorities asserting that SAS Roger Vivier Paris indirectly transferred profits to foreign-related parties in non-arm’s length conditions.

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India vs SC Lowy P.I. (Lux): International Tax Case

Case Summaries, FP News, India, International, International Tax, OECD, Postgraduate Programmes in International Tax, Postgraduate Programmes in Transfer Pricing, Tax Dispute Resolution, TP Case Summaries, Transfer Pricing / ATL-Editor

The judgment in SC Lowy P.I. (Lux) S.A.R.L. vs Assistant Commissioner of Income TaxIncome Tax is a direct levy imposed by governments on the income generated by individuals, corporations, and other entities within a specific jurisdiction. It serves as a major source of revenue for governments and funds various public expenditures, such as infrastructure projects, healthcare, education, national security, and welfare programs. The tax is generally calculated as a percentage of the taxable... More (ACIT) revolved around the denial of treaty benefits under the Double TaxationDouble Taxation occurs when the same income or financial transaction is taxed twice, typically in different jurisdictions. It can arise in two primary contexts: economic double taxation, where the same income is taxed twice in the hands of different taxpayers, and juridical double taxation, where the same taxpayer is taxed on the same income in more than one country. Double... More Avoidance Agreement (DTAA) between India and Luxembourg.

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Sweden vs “CA AB”: TRANSFER PRICING CASE

Case Summaries, FP News, International, International Tax, OECD, Poland, Postgraduate Programmes in International Tax, Postgraduate Programmes in Transfer Pricing, Sweden, TP Case Summaries, Transfer Pricing / ATL-Editor

The case at hand concerns a dispute under the Nordic Tax Convention, a treaty aimed at avoiding double taxationDouble Taxation occurs when the same income or financial transaction is taxed twice, typically in different jurisdictions. It can arise in two primary contexts: economic double taxation, where the same income is taxed twice in the hands of different taxpayers, and juridical double taxation, where the same taxpayer is taxed on the same income in more than one country. Double... More among its signatories. The applicant, [Company Name Redacted] AB, received interest income from a related Norwegian entity in 2011 and 2012, which was taxed in Sweden.

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Denmark vs Accenture: Transfer Pricing Case

Case Summaries, Denmark, FP News, International Tax, OECD, Postgraduate Programmes in International Tax, Postgraduate Programmes in Transfer Pricing, Tax Dispute Resolution, TP Case Summaries, Transfer Pricing, Transfer Pricing Methods / ATL-Editor

The Danish Supreme Court rendered its decision in the case of Accenture A/S v. Danish Ministry of Taxation, upholding the lower court’s judgment. The dispute revolved around the transfer pricingTransfer pricing is a fundamental concept in international taxation that defines the pricing methods and rules applied to transactions between related entities within a multinational enterprise (MNE). In the context of tax regulations, it governs how prices for goods, services, or intangibles (such as intellectual property) are set when these items are exchanged between different branches, subsidiaries, or affiliates of... More arrangements within the Accenture group, particularly concerning cross-border personnel assignments and intellectual propertyIntellectual Property (IP) refers to creations of the mind, including inventions, literary and artistic works, symbols, names, images, and designs used in commerce. It grants creators exclusive legal rights to use and exploit their work, ensuring protection against unauthorised use or reproduction. These rights are critical in fostering innovation and creativity while providing economic value to individuals and organisations. IP... More (IPIntellectual Property (IP) refers to creations of the mind, including inventions, literary and artistic works, symbols, names, images, and designs used in commerce. It grants creators exclusive legal rights to use and exploit their work, ensuring protection against unauthorised use or reproduction. These rights are critical in fostering innovation and creativity while providing economic value to individuals and organisations. IP... More) licensing agreements.

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Poland vs Bedding Textiles: TRANSFER PRICING CASE

Case Summaries, FP News, International Tax, OECD, Poland, Postgraduate Programmes in International Tax, Postgraduate Programmes in Transfer Pricing, Tax Dispute Resolution, TP Case Summaries, Transfer Pricing / ATL-Editor

The case involves a dispute between N Sp. z o.o. (“the Company”), a Polish textile manufacturer, and the Director of the Tax AdministrationTax authorities are fundamental institutions within government frameworks, overseeing tax assessment, collection, and administration. Their operations ensure that tax laws are enforced and public funds are collected efficiently. This article delves into tax authorities' purpose, responsibilities, and structure, offering insights into their essential role in supporting government functions and economic stability. What is a Tax Authority? A tax authority is... More Chamber in Łódź regarding corporate income taxCorporate Tax refers to the tax imposed by governments on the income or capital of corporations. Corporations, considered separate legal entities, are taxed on their profits, meaning the income generated from their operational activities, investments, and other financial undertakings. This tax is generally a key revenue source for governments, helping to fund public services, infrastructure, and other essential functions. The... More liabilities for the year 2020.

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UK vs Glencore Energy: Transfer Pricing Case

Case Summaries, FP News, International, OECD, Postgraduate Programmes in Transfer Pricing, Tax Dispute Resolution, TP Case Summaries, Transfer Pricing, United Kingdom / ATL-Editor

This case examines the boundaries of judicial review in tax disputesTax Disputes arise when there is a disagreement between taxpayers and tax authorities regarding the interpretation or application of tax laws. These disputes may concern various issues such as the accuracy of a tax return, the eligibility for tax deductions or credits, the correct amount of tax liability, or transfer pricing adjustments. Tax disputes can lead to lengthy legal proceedings... More involving the Diverted Profits TaxDiverted Profits Tax (DPT) is a tax measure designed to counteract aggressive tax avoidance by multinational enterprises (MNEs). It aims to address arrangements where profits are artificially shifted to jurisdictions with lower tax rates or where transactions lack genuine economic substance. Introduced initially by the United Kingdom in 2015, DPT is sometimes informally called the "Google Tax" due to its... More (DPT), a tax introduced by the Finance Act 2015 to prevent profit shifting by multinationals. Glencore Energy UK Limited (GENUK), a subsidiary of the Swiss-based Glencore International AG (GIAG), was assessed under the DPTDiverted Profits Tax (DPT) is a tax measure designed to counteract aggressive tax avoidance by multinational enterprises (MNEs). It aims to address arrangements where profits are artificially shifted to jurisdictions with lower tax rates or where transactions lack genuine economic substance. Introduced initially by the United Kingdom in 2015, DPT is sometimes informally called the "Google Tax" due to its... More framework after HMRC deemed the service fees paid by GENUK to GIAG under a Risk and Services Agreement (RSA) to be excessive.

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Intra-Group Services: Guidelines, Examples, and Risk Management Strategies

FP News, International, International Tax, Intra-Group Services, OECD, Transfer Pricing / Renier van Rensburg

Intra-Group ServicesFOR MORE INSIGHT ON INTRA-GROUP SERVICES, PLEASE READ THIS ARTICLE: Intra-Group Services: Guidelines, Examples, and Risk Management Strategies Intra-Group Services refer to activities performed by one entity within a multinational enterprise (MNE) group that benefit one or more associated enterprises. These services may include administrative, technical, financial, or commercial assistance provided by a central company to its affiliates. A primary... More are an essential aspect of international taxationFOR MORE INSIGHT ON INTERNATIONAL TAXATION, PLEASE READ THIS ARTICLE: Introduction to International Taxation: Key Concepts & Guidelines International Taxation encompasses the framework of laws, principles, and treaties that govern the tax obligations of individuals and entities engaged in economic activities that span multiple jurisdictions. This field addresses how income, profits, and gains are taxed when operations or investments extend... More, and managing them properly can mean the difference between compliance and costly disputes for multinational enterprisesWhat are Multinational Enterprises (MNEs)? Multinational Enterprises, commonly referred to as MNEs, are corporations that operate in multiple countries through various subsidiaries, branches, or affiliates. These entities maintain a central management structure while leveraging diverse resources, labour markets, and customer bases across borders. The fundamental aspect that distinguishes MNEs from other corporate forms is their cross-border activity, which can include... More (MNEs).

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Introduction to International Taxation: Key Concepts & Guidelines

FP News, International, International Tax, Introduction to International Tax, OECD, Postgraduate Programmes in International Tax, Postgraduate Programmes in Transfer Pricing, United Nations / Dr Daniel N Erasmus

International taxationFOR MORE INSIGHT ON INTERNATIONAL TAXATION, PLEASE READ THIS ARTICLE: Introduction to International Taxation: Key Concepts & Guidelines International Taxation encompasses the framework of laws, principles, and treaties that govern the tax obligations of individuals and entities engaged in economic activities that span multiple jurisdictions. This field addresses how income, profits, and gains are taxed when operations or investments extend... More governs the tax framework applicable to cross-border activities of individuals and corporations. It addresses the tax treatment of income earned by residents in one country from foreign sources and non-residents from domestic sources.

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What is Comparability Analysis in Transfer Pricing?

Comparability Analysis, FP News, International, OECD, Postgraduate Programmes in International Tax, Postgraduate Programmes in Transfer Pricing, Transfer Pricing, United Nations / Dr Daniel N Erasmus

Comparability Analysis in Transfer PricingTransfer pricing is a fundamental concept in international taxation that defines the pricing methods and rules applied to transactions between related entities within a multinational enterprise (MNE). In the context of tax regulations, it governs how prices for goods, services, or intangibles (such as intellectual property) are set when these items are exchanged between different branches, subsidiaries, or affiliates of... More is a cornerstone of ensuring that transactions between related parties in multinational enterprisesWhat are Multinational Enterprises (MNEs)? Multinational Enterprises, commonly referred to as MNEs, are corporations that operate in multiple countries through various subsidiaries, branches, or affiliates. These entities maintain a central management structure while leveraging diverse resources, labour markets, and customer bases across borders. The fundamental aspect that distinguishes MNEs from other corporate forms is their cross-border activity, which can include... More (MNEs) comply with the arm’s length principle, as defined by the OECDThe Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) is an international organisation comprising 38 member countries, established to foster economic growth, trade, and development on a global scale. Founded in 1961, the OECD provides a forum for governments to collaborate, share policy experiences, and develop solutions to common economic challenges. The OECD's core mission is to promote policies that improve... More and other international bodies.

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Understanding Double Tax Treaties: A Comprehensive Guide

FP News, International, International Tax, OECD, Postgraduate Programmes in International Tax, Tax Dispute Resolution, Transfer Pricing, United Nations / ATL-Editor

*For clarity, the term Double Tax TreatyA Double Taxation AgreementA Double Taxation Agreement (DTA), also known as a Double Taxation Treaty (or a Tax Treaty), is an international tax treaty between two or more countries that aims to prevent individuals or businesses from being taxed twice on the same income. With globalisation and the increase in cross-border economic activities, DTAs have become essential tools for promoting trade, investment, and... More (DTAA Double Taxation Agreement (DTA), also known as a Double Taxation Treaty (or a Tax Treaty), is an international tax treaty between two or more countries that aims to prevent individuals or businesses from being taxed twice on the same income. With globalisation and the increase in cross-border economic activities, DTAs have become essential tools for promoting trade, investment, and... More), also known as a Double TaxationDouble Taxation occurs when the same income or financial transaction is taxed twice, typically in different jurisdictions. It can arise in two primary contexts: economic double taxation, where the same income is taxed twice in the hands of different taxpayers, and juridical double taxation, where the same taxpayer is taxed on the same income in more than one country. Double... More Treaty (or a Tax Treaty), is an international tax treatyA Double Taxation Agreement (DTA), also known as a Double Taxation Treaty (or a Tax Treaty), is an international tax treaty between two or more countries that aims to prevent individuals or businesses from being taxed twice on the same income. With globalisation and the increase in cross-border economic activities, DTAs have become essential tools for promoting trade, investment, and... More between two or more countries that aims to prevent individuals or businesses from being taxed twice on the same income. With globalisation and the increase in cross-border economic

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